Molecular data storage relies on the ability to write and read digital information encoded onto large molecules. Recently, digital synthetic polymers have been introduced offering interesting perspectives for data storage due to a larger versatility and variety. However, sequencing of macromolecules, i.e. reading the digital information they contain, is a major challenge for molecular data storage. Nowadays, the main characterization techniques are based on mass spectrometry or electrical current detection. Despite their high sensitivity, these methods remain restricted to specific polymers and low level of parallelization. Our transdisciplinary consortium of 3 laboratories (Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, Lyon; Laboratoire de Physique ENS de Lyon / CNRS ; Institut Fresnel, Marseille) aims to explore a novel approach involving the development of fluorescently encoded synthetic polymers and also DNA origamis, combined with an optical sequencing technique that enables faster reading of their controlled sequence. Our main goal is to set up an innovative platform based on the real-time optical sequencing of digital synthetic and natural polymers (Figure 1).